![]() ![]() While Indonesia’s nickel reserves are the largest in the world, these reserves are predominantly Class 2. However, reserves of Class 1 are smaller and less distributed than Class 2 and therefore form a chokepoint in the EV battery supply chain. Class 1 nickel is critical for EV batteries. While nickel is plentiful, the quality or class of reserves determines its suitability for stainless steel or battery cathodes. Therefore, both countries rely heavily on the import of nickel ore or refined nickel. Concerning the world’s two largest economies, the United States has minimal reserves, while China’s reserves are less than 3% of the global total. Nickel reserves are quite plentiful, with wide dispersion in developing countries and territories such as Indonesia, the Philippines, Russia, and New Caledonia, along with Western-aligned democracies such as Canada and Australia. Therefore, many car companies cite securing nickel for their EV batteries as a top priority. Current EV battery demand consumes around 7% of global production, but expected increases in EV demand will cause an exponential growth in demand for nickel. However, nickel is also a crucial material in the production of electric vehicle (EV) battery cathodes, which are necessary for the green energy transition. The largest use of nickel is in the production of stainless steel, with approximately 75% of nickel processed into stainless steel. Are there unique properties of nickel, its supply chain, and downstream products that are important for understanding the implications of Indonesia’s decision to transform nickel supply chains? ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |